By: Cat Ebeling, RN, MSN-PHN, co-author of the best-sellers:  The Fat Burning Kitchen, The Top 101 Foods that Fight Aging & The Diabetes Fix

Men today face an uncomfortable fate that seems to be happening at younger and younger ages—at alarming rates.

Men’s testosterone levels have been declining for several decades. The average modern man has testosterone levels far below levels from even 50 years ago and most likely drastically lower than men hundreds of years ago.

While it is somewhat normal for testosterone levels to decline with age, there has been a generational drop, with every generation, since the 70’s or before. On average, our Gen Z men and millennials have significantly lower levels of testosterone when compared to their fathers and grandfathers—and probably farther back in the family tree.

Measuring testosterone levels in men only dates to the mid 20th century, and obtaining accurate measurement of testosterone in blood has only been possible since the development of radio immunoassay techniques in the 1960’s, otherwise, we would most certainly see a serious decline in testosterone going back several generations.

Average total testosterone level of a 60-year-old man in the late 80’s was approximately 17.5nmol/L or 504.32ng/dL, according to this 2007 study. However, a 60-year-old man in 2002 had an approximate total testosterone level of 432.28ng/dL. And this is 2023, with testosterone levels dropping even further. Based on this, average testosterone levels in men are declining by approximately 10-15% every year, but could be as high as a 25% drop in testosterone.

Research carried out on Finnish and Danish populations are showing similar trends. More recently, another large-scale study of Israeli men has shown average testosterone levels dropping between 2006 and 2019, by more than 10% across every age category.

This Finnish study also shows free testosterone levels declining, combined with higher levels of Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG), a substance that binds up free testosterone, making it unusable in the body.

What is the Difference Between Free Testosterone and Bound Testosterone?

Total testosterone levels include both bound and unbound portions of testosterone. These are calculated in a simple blood test that measures testosterone levels.

Total testosterone levels have been a primary indicator of men’s health and fertility for many years. But when measuring testosterone, it’s important to look at both bound and unbound levels of this hormone.

Free testosterone is considered “unbound testosterone” and can attach to receptors on any cell in the body. Free testosterone can freely execute functions such as regulate metabolism and execute cellular functions.

There are proteins in the body called Sex Hormone Binding Globulins. SHBG is made mostly in your liver. It binds (attaches) to testosterone. SHBG controls the amount of sex hormones that are actively working in your body. When testosterone is bound to SHBG, the body cannot access or utilize testosterone that is bound. Body tissues can only use free testosterone.

For various reasons, SHBG levels can be overly high, causing more bound testosterone that cannot be utilized. So even if testosterone levels are normal, a man can have symptoms of low T, if there is too much SHBG attached to testosterone. High levels of SHBG combined with normal T levels, also contribute to the low testosterone epidemic.

However, the problem is not just bound or unbound testosterone levels in men. Sperm counts are dropping, along with other reproductive disorders, like ED, impotence, and testicular and prostate cancer.

Testosterone is an important hormone. Testosterone is not only considered a man’s sex hormone—the thing that makes a man a man—but testosterone also has to do with a man’s overall health and wellness. Testosterone helps with mood, motivation, drive, a sense of wellbeing, hair growth, bone density, weight management, muscle size, and more.

Why are testosterone levels falling?

That’s a complicated question. The truth is, it’s not entirely clear, but it most likely boils down to a combination of factors that exist in the modern world. These things were not present in earlier times—or at least not to the degree that they are now in modern industrialized societies. So, it’s no surprise testosterone levels seem to be plummeting overall.

High Levels of Xenoestrogens Everywhere

It becomes more and more difficult to avoid encountering hormone-disrupting chemicals in our food and water supply, personal care products, cookware, sunscreens, lawn care products, household cleaners, and even pharmaceutical products.

Many of these chemical-based endocrine disrupters are dangerous because they mimic estrogen in the body. These synthetic estrogen-like compounds are called ‘xenoestrogens’. Xenoestrogens attach to estrogen receptors and amplify harmful effects of estrogen, causing natural hormones to go askew.

Xenoestrogens can contribute to unnatural early puberty, hormone imbalances, reduced testosterone and fertility, reproductive problems, and a higher risk of certain types of cancers. Xenoestrogens are also responsible for weight gain, erectile dysfunction, and ‘man boobs’.

Xenoestrogens cause an unnatural increase in estrogen in men, block the natural production of testosterone, and lower sperm count and decrease fertility.

Obviously, xenoestrogens sound like something people should avoid at all costs. But how do we avoid them when they are everywhere? It may be difficult to totally avoid them, but there are definite ways to reduce exposure to xenoestrogens. Let’s look at where xenoestrogens are found:

Xenoestrogens can be found in pesticides, plastics, fuels, foods, preservatives, and drugs. Many xenoestrogens are present in processed, packaged foods and conventionally grown produce—as either preservatives or pesticides.

There are also xenoestrogens in conventional dairy, meat, and eggs. Commercial dairy and egg farmers often feed estrogenic chemicals to dairy cows and chickens because it will increase production of their milk or eggs. This makes conventional dairy, eggs, and meat major sources of xenoestrogens. Growth hormones given to commercial livestock have estrogen-like qualities as well.

Plastics contain a lot of xenoestrogens, particularly in softer plastics like water bottles, soft drink containers, and storage containers. Worst of all are the plastic food containers that are used to heat up leftovers in the microwave. Microwaving sends a large dose of the xenoestrogens from the plastic into food.

High Cortisol and Testosterone

Life has become very competitive and very stressful. Jobs, money, family, climate change, pandemics, wars, and on and on. More people than ever are dealing with unprecedented levels of chronic stress today. While you probably already know that stress can impact moods, sleep, and immune function—it also can affect your testosterone levels as well.

High stress levels cause higher cortisol levels. According to research from University of Texas at Austin, chronically elevated cortisol levels will lower testosterone, increase the occurrence of impotence, and lower libido by inhibiting testosterone production in men.

Stress and cortisol can come from physical stress like exercise, or mental and emotional stress. Male athletes who are training hard tend to have lowered levels of testosterone as well. Athletes who overtrain, and don’t take enough time off for their bodies to recover, tend to have lower levels of testosterone than average. Reductions in testosterone at the low end of ‘clinically normal’ is generally true particularly with excessive endurance training.

The problem with stress and testosterone is that it can turn into a vicious cycle. Low testosterone levels lead to more stress, which raises cortisol and causes testosterone levels to drop even lower.

Researchers are still learning more about the direct physiological connection between stress and low testosterone. In addition to the physical response other side effects of stress like poor sleep, and low energy also contribute to lower testosterone levels.

Excess Alcohol

Men’s bodies contain three glands responsible for production of testosterone in men: The hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary gland, and the testes. The hypothalamus releases a hormone called gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which acts on the pituitary gland.

1. The pituitary gland releases luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
2. In response to circulating LH and FSH levels, your testes will begin to make more testosterone.

Alcohol disrupts testosterone production by interfering with the signals of all three glands. This results in the usual low testosterone symptoms: erectile dysfunction, infertility, and reduced male sexual characteristics. Alcohol also impairs the function of the testicular Sertoli cells that play an important role in sperm maturation.

Disruptions to these LH and FSH can lead a complete stoppage of sperm production. Studies have found that 50 percent of heavy drinkers had spermatogenic arrest compared to only 20 percent of men who were not heavy drinkers. They also found that men who drank heavily had significantly smaller testicles than men who don’t drink.

Alcohol is also a substance that can cause the conversion of testosterone to estrogen. When alcohol is consumed, alcohol stimulates an enzyme called aromatase, which initiates the process of converting testosterone into estrogen. So, testosterone levels decrease, and estrogen increases in response to drinking.

Overweight, Obesity and Testosterone

We all have body fat, but some of us have more than others. One of the biggest health issues in modern society is the prevalence of excess body fat and obesity. There are many reasons for this including, a poor diet high in carbohydrates and sugar, stress, lack of exercise, and sleep issues that can pile on the pounds.

Unfortunately, being a man and being overweight can cause free testosterone levels to drop drastically. There is a ton of evidence that shows obesity as being a primary factor in low testosterone levels. Obesity, in fact, is the number one most effective predictor of low testosterone in men—out of all possible risk factors.

The key reason is that fat cells contain aromatase. As with alcohol, aromatase converts testosterone and its ‘parent’ hormones into estrogen. What happens is this—when a man starts gaining extra fat, aromatase levels go up. This converts existing testosterone into estrogen. And by the way, abdominal fat contains the highest levels of aromatase.

Here’s an all-too-frequent-scenario of today’s modern man: Our modern guy is carrying around excess chronic stress from work, his home life, kids, and more. This causes him to have high cortisol levels which in turn begins to lower testosterone, and probably affects his sleep as well.

Cortisol also increases blood sugar and causes this guy to get the munchies and gain weight—especially around the midsection. Aromatase starts to increase.

To combat the excess stress, our guy goes out and throws back a couple pints every evening after work with his buddies, instead of heading to the gym to work out. The alcohol raises his cortisol levels and his aromatase levels. More testosterone is converted to estrogen and testosterone production also slows down. The excess alcohol, combined with the higher-than-normal cortisol levels begin to cause a ‘beer belly’ in our guy.

All these things increase aromatase, raising levels of estrogen, and lowering testosterone. Lower testosterone makes managing stress more difficult. In addition, low testosterone levels decrease muscle mass, instead of increasing it, meaning more body fat as well. Low T also means low motivation, so instead our guy feeling like he can ‘take on the world,’ he’d much rather sit on his couch with a cold one in his hand.

The result for our poor guy is a vicious cycle of low testosterone, high estrogen, low motivation, low energy, low libido, erectile dysfunction, ‘man boobs’, more body fat, loss of lean muscle tissue, along with irritability and depression. This is today’s man stuck in a downward spiral of stress, excess fat, and consuming too much alcohol and junk food. This happens every day, all the time, with too many men. No wonder average testosterone levels are way lower than the past!

Contrast that with a primitive man, who spent most of his day laboring or tracking animals. he was lean and muscular. Stress was short-lived, and not chronically present in his everyday life. Alcohol was not readily available, food was completely natural and void of excess sugars, and there were no processed vegetable oils and refined carbohydrates. And no xenoestrogens in his environment. This guy had plenty of testosterone, along with motivation, drive, high libido and energy.

How to Regain Control of Testosterone Levels

1. Cut out sugar, starches, carbs, and processed vegetable oils, and, if necessary, get a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) to monitor blood sugar levels.
2. Eat REAL meat, especially grass-fed meat. Eat organic, grass fed dairy. Sorry vegans.
3. Cut way back on alcohol or quit all together. One drink per day should be maximum. Hint: sometimes it’s easier to quit totally then trying to reduce alcohol intake.
4. Remove or reduce xenoestrogens in your environment. Switch to natural, organic personal care products including shave cream, soaps, deodorant, shampoos, lotions, sunscreen, laundry soap, and cleaning products. Stop the cologne and body sprays. Avoid all plastic, especially if it is in contact with your food. Stop microwaving your food. Avoid other chemicals, solvents, and paints.
5. Get back to the gym! Lift heavy weights, sprint, and do intense exercise. Lifting weights and other intense exercise not only helps to increase testosterone levels but also burns fat, and increases lean muscle mass. Working out also decreases stress and cortisol.

As the article mentions testosterone is dropping at an alarming rate for men all over the world,  so if you’re a man over the age of 40, then pay attention…

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References
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3880087/
Ori Hofmekler, “The Anti-Estrogenic Diet, How Estrogenic Foods and Chemicals Are Making You Fat and Sick”, North Atlantic Books, 2007.
Joseph Mercola, “12 Food Additives to Remove from Your Diet’, Mercola.com,
July 14, 2009
Elizabeth Smith, MD, “Xenoestrogens interfere with Normal Hormones.” Endo101.com
https://ltmensclinic.com/how-stressful-times-can-impact-your-testosterone/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3880087/
https://www.healthline.com/health/how-alcohol-affects-testosterone#effect-on-sperm
Fui MN, Dupuis P, Grossmann M. Lowered testosterone in male obesity: mechanisms, morbidity and management. Asian J Androl. 2014;16(2):223-231. doi:10.4103/1008-682X.122365
Corona G, Rastrelli G, Monami M, et al. Body weight loss reverts obesity-associated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol. 2013;168(6):829-843. Published 2013 May 2. doi:10.1530/EJE-12-0955
Cabler S, Agarwal A, Flint M, du Plessis SS. Obesity: modern man’s fertility nemesis. Asian J Androl. 2010;12(4):480-489. doi:10.1038/aja.2010.38T
Saad F, Aversa A, Isidori AM, Gooren LJ. Testosterone as potential effective therapy in treatment of obesity in men with testosterone deficiency: a review. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2012;8(2):131-143. doi:10.2174/157339912799424573
Vingren JL, Kraemer WJ, Ratamess NA, Anderson JM, Volek JS, Maresh CM. Testosterone physiology in resistance exercise and training: the up-stream regulatory elements. Sports Med. 2010;40(12):1037-1053. doi:10.2165/11536910-000000000-00000
Grossmann M, Matsumoto AM. A Perspective on Middle-Aged and Older Men with Functional Hypogonadism: Focus on Holistic Management. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017;102(3):1067-1075. doi:10.1210/jc.2016-3580
https://www.everlywell.com/blog/testosterone/testosterone-weight-loss/
https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/shbg-blood-test/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3955331/
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323085#high-levels
https://www.medichecks.com/blogs/testosterone/why-do-gen-z-and-millennial-men-have-lower-testosterone

The post The Great Testosterone Reset appeared first on thenutritionwatchdog.com.

By: Cat Ebeling, RN, MSN-PHN, co-author of the best-sellers:  The Fat Burning Kitchen, The Top 101 Foods that Fight Aging & The Diabetes Fix

Do you take zinc to help prevent colds, flu and Covid? If not, you should be getting zinc on a daily basis.

Zinc is an amazing mineral that has many benefits, including powering up your immune system, helping your body heal wounds, maintain healthy testosterone levels, balance metabolism, helping with nerve function, assisting proper brain function, cell growth, protecting vision, and assisting in better taste and smell.

Getting adequate zinc also helps keep hormones in balance, and even a small deficiency can result in an increased risk for infertility or diabetes.

Zinc is the one of the most abundant trace minerals in your body and is contained in every cell. In fact, cell division and healthy growth of cells is dependent on zinc’s ability to protect the cells’ DNA.

The mineral zinc has powerful antioxidant properties and helps to activate roughly 300 different enzymatic functions in the body.

Since the body cannot make zinc on its own, it is essential to obtain zinc from dietary sources and/or supplements. Some of the best sources of zinc include red meat (preferably grass fed), oysters, lamb, chicken, eggs, chickpeas, nuts, and pumpkin seeds. Vegetarians and vegans often have difficulty getting enough of this vital mineral in their diets if they are not eating meat.

Let’s look at some of the most important benefits of zinc:

Powerful Immune Function

You may have heard a lot of discussion on zinc in the past couple of years because zinc is a powerful tool to help fight off viruses such as colds, flu and even Covid. Zinc works as a preventative for illness and also works to help the body fight off pathogens, once infected.

It’s been reported that patients with low zinc levels developed much worse cases of Covid-19 with poorer outcomes. Zinc deficient patients with Covid developed more complications, prolonged hospital stays, and more respiratory difficulties. The same goes for those with influenza and other illnesses as well.

Zinc can be taken as a natural remedy for fighting the common cold, flu and Covid, etc. Studies show when zinc is taken for at least five months, it may reduce your risk of becoming sick with the common cold — plus supplementing once you already feel sick may speed up the healing process.

How does zinc do this? Once zinc gets into the cells where it functions best, it helps to interfere with virus replication, and helps maintain the body’s inflammation to prevent elevated out of control inflammatory responses like cytokine storms. Zinc also helps the function of the long-term memory T-cells, and B-cells, which help the body to retain memory of previous pathogens, and to actively fight any invaders.

Other research shows that this mineral helps interfere with the biological process that causes mucus and bacteria to build up in the sinuses and nasal passages.

If zinc is to work effectively in the body to fight off viruses, the zinc must be able to get inside the cells. This requires something called an ‘ionophore’.

An ionophore is a substance that allows zinc to travel across the cell wall into the center of the cell. This is where viruses gain entry and replicate. One of the most obtainable and inexpensive ionophore for zinc is a supplement called quercetin.

Quercetin is a naturally occurring plant pigment found in red onions, apples, dark grapes, berries, and green tea. Quercetin is one of the most abundant antioxidants found in our diet and contains strong anti-viral properties. So, if you are taking zinc to fight colds, flu, and other viral infections, be sure to get some quercetin to take with zinc. Quercetin is also readily available as a supplement.

Testosterone Production and Female Sex Hormones

Testosterone for men is not just for sex drive; it’s an important hormone that helps protect men’s health. While it is responsible for maintaining the sex drive, it is also important to prevent erectile dysfunction, muscle growth and bone strength. Testosterone levels generally peak in young men in their early twenties, and then begin to drop.

In the United States and other industrialized countries, there has been a recent drop in testosterone levels of men—resulting in an epidemic of erectile dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, and infertility. Lowered testosterone levels also contribute to physical changes like gynecomastia, loss of strength, fatigue, and lack of drive.

While there are a few contributing causes, including excess use of plastics and chemicals in our environment which create chemical estrogens (xenoestrogens), low testosterone levels may be as simple as a zinc deficiency—especially if you are vegetarian or vegan.

Zinc is necessary for males to produce adequate amounts of testosterone and to help maintain those levels. In one study, dietary zinc restriction in normal young men was associated with a significant decrease in serum testosterone concentrations after only 20 weeks. Conversely, zinc supplementation of marginally zinc-deficient normal men for six months resulted in a significant increase in serum testosterone levels.

Zinc levels also have an impact on female sex hormones and partially responsible for the creation and release of eggs from the ovaries.

Several studies show zinc deficiency in women can cause problems with hormone levels, including impaired synthesis and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), abnormal ovarian development, disruption of the menstrual cycle, prolonged gestation periods, miscarriages, still-births, birth defects, difficult deliveries, pre-eclampsia, and low birth weights of infants.

A diet high in foods that contain zinc, as well as supplementation can enhance and balance hormone levels in both men and women.

Helps Fight Diabetes

Zinc helps to manage hormones including hormones involved in diabetes. This includes insulin, primarily. Zinc helps to find to insulin, helping to maintain blood sugar levels better.

Zinc also helps with efficient utilization of digestive enzymes, helping to break down food better, and helping glucose to be used for fuel, rather than being stored as fat.

Zinc helps to improve insulin receptors, prolong the action of insulin, and promote healthy lipid levels. It is thought that abnormal levels of copper and zinc seem to accompany diabetes and may be implicated in many of the complications of diabetes as well. Zinc supplementation may possibly have clinical use as an adjunct therapy for preventing or managing diabetes.

Acne and Wound Healing

Zinc is essential for healthy skin, and is involved with encouraging growth of healthy tissue. Zinc also promotes the growth of collagen, along with vitamin C. Collagen is the structure that supports the skin, forms connective tissue, ligaments, and cartilage.

Zinc is often used for patients with severe burns, slow-healing wounds, or infections, and to prevent scar formation. Because zinc helps support the immune system, it also helps to fight infection in the skin as well.

Zinc also helps those who struggle with acne and helps to prevent breakouts. It’s considered to be one of the best natural treatments for acne.

Zinc is also of benefit for atopic dermatitis (rashes) and diaper dermatitis. Zinc makes a great natural barrier against moisture and irritation of diapers in babies.

Because zinc is also a powerful antioxidant, zinc helps prevent heart disease, fight cancer, aids in nutrient assimilation, helps build muscle, fights ADD/ADHD, helps get rid of depression, improves macular degeneration, and protects the liver.

Brain Health

Zinc benefits also extend to brain function. Neurons are the fundamental units of the brain and the nervous system. These important cells are responsible for receiving all the sensory input from the from the external world, for sending commands to our muscles to move, to help with thought processes, and for transforming and relaying electrical signals.

Zinc is actually used by the body to help create new neurons in the brain’s hippocampus. The hippocampus of the brain is the place where memories are developed. It helps to synthesize memories, emotions, and other sensations all together. Once a memory is put together in the hippocampus, it is sent to another portion of the brain to store as a long-term memory.

When zinc levels are low, the process of forming memories is inhibited, causing long-term and short-term memory problems.

When communication amongst the brain cells is slow due to inflammation or other issues, you may experience brain fog. Brain fog is the inability to focus or concentrate to think clearly. Brain fog can impair a person’s ability to reason, make decisions, and problem solve. Because zinc is effective at reducing inflammation, zinc also helps to clear brain fog and get rid of brain fog.

The brain also needs zinc to create dopamine. Dopamine is a ‘feel-good’ hormone that is also very important for memory and focus. Studies show a zinc supplement improves focus and memory, while reducing impulsivity.

Attention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder are common development disorders that often affect both children and adults. It was found that circulating levels of zinc were significantly lower in those with ADHD.

Zinc deficiency is also connected to a variety of other neurological disorders including autism, seizures, depression, and anxiety disorders.

Zinc Deficiency

Zinc deficiencies are common, especially amongst those who don’t eat meat.

Since zinc plays an important role in many biochemical pathways including the digestive system, nervous system, immune system, reproductive system, and skeletal system, deficiencies can cause many health issues.

Signs of zinc deficiency include:

• Getting colds, flu, and other illnesses easily
• Fatigue
• Blood sugar issues
• Inability to concentrate or sit still
• Poor growth
• Skin infections and poor wound healing.

People who avoid meat, poultry, and fish and at the highest risk for zinc deficiency. Even though some plant foods contain zinc, it is best absorbed in the presence of animal protein. People who suffer from celiac disease, digestive problems, or alcoholism and liver disease are also at high risk of being deficient.

If you don’t feel you are getting enough zinc in your diet, it’s best to supplement. Keep in mind that too much zinc can become toxic, so it’s best to keep your zinc intake in the therapeutic zone.

Zinc supplements come in several forms including:

• zinc gluconate
• zinc sulfate
• zinc acetate
• zinc picolinate
• zinc citrate
• zinc glycerate

According to Dr. Josh Axe and other nutrition experts, the tolerable upper limit to be around 40-50 milligrams per day. Some studies have found that higher doses can help fight off colds, flu and Covid, but check with your doctor first. And—avoid taking zinc if you haven’t eaten, zinc is best taken with food to avoid stomach upset.

Most people never think about zinc when it comes to their heart — but research shows low zinc levels weaken arterial walls, fuel inflammation, and accelerate plaque buildup. Worse, without enough zinc, blood platelets clump together more aggressively, raising the risk of dangerous clots. The result? A silent vulnerability hiding in plain sight — and a simple deficiency that could be putting your heart at serious risk.

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References
https://www.healthfirstdc.com/blog/the-importance-of-zinc-and-quercetin-during-pandemic
https://www.healthline.com/health/testosterone-and-zinc#zinc-deficiency
https://draxe.com/nutrition/zinc-benefits/
https://draxe.com/nutrition/zinc-benefits/
https://www.mindbodygreen.com/articles/benefits-of-zinc
https://www.mdriveformen.com/blogs/the-driven/what-are-the-benefits-of-zinc-for-brain-health
https://renuerx.com/mental-clarity-can-zinc-and-other-supplements-help-you-focus/

The post 6 Powerful Benefits of Zinc: Your Immune System, Hormones, Brain Function, and so much more appeared first on thenutritionwatchdog.com.